Methylamine (CAS # 74-89-5)
Risk thiab Safety
| Risk Codes | R12 - Flammable heev R20 - Ua phem los ntawm kev nqus pa R37/38 - Kab mob ua pa thiab tawv nqaij. R41 - Riam phom loj rau qhov muag R34 - Ua rau kub hnyiab R20/22 - Ua phem los ntawm kev nqus pa thiab yog tias nqos. R11 - Cov nplaim hluav taws kub heev R39/23/24/25 - R36/37/38 - Kab mob rau qhov muag, ua pa thiab tawv nqaij. R23/24/25 – Toxic los ntawm inhalation, nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog daim tawv nqaij thiab yog hais tias nqos. R40 - Cov pov thawj txwv ntawm cov nyhuv carcinogenic R19 - Tej zaum yuav tsim cov peroxides tawg |
| Kev nyab xeeb piav qhia | S7 – Khaws lub thawv kaw kom nruj. S16 - Khaws kom deb ntawm qhov chaw hluav taws xob. S26 - Thaum sib cuag nrog lub qhov muag, yaug tam sim ntawd nrog dej txaus thiab nrhiav kev kho mob. S36/37 - Hnav cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv thiab hnab looj tes tsim nyog. S45 - Thaum muaj xwm txheej lossis yog tias koj tsis xis nyob, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd (qhia daim ntawv lo thaum twg ua tau.) S29 - Tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv qhov dej. S36/37/39 - Hnav cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tsim nyog, hnab looj tes thiab tiv thaiv qhov muag / ntsej muag. S3/7 - S3 - Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias. S39 - Hnav qhov muag / ntsej muag tiv thaiv. S33 - Siv cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo li qub. |
| UN IDs | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | PF6300000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODE | 4.5-31 |
| TSCA | Yog lawm |
| HS Code | 2921100 ib |
| Hazard Class | 3 |
| Packing Group | II |
| Toxicity | LD50 qhov ncauj hauv nas: 100-200 mg / kg (Kinney); LC50 hauv nas: 0.448 ml / l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
Cov ntaub ntawv
| organic chemical raw khoom | methylamine, tseem hu ua methylamine thiab aminomethane, yog ib qho tseem ceeb organic chemical raw cov ntaub ntawv thiab intermediates, nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab atmospheric siab rau flammable xim tsis muaj roj, siab concentration los yog compression liquefaction, nrog ib tug muaj zog ammonia tsw. Fishy tsw ntawm tsawg concentrations. Soluble hauv dej, soluble hauv ethanol, ether. Yooj yim rau hlawv, tsim cov khoom tawg nrog huab cua, txwv kev tawg: 4.3% ~ 21%. Muaj alkaline tsis muaj zog, alkaline tshaj ammonia, thiab inorganic acid los tsim cov dej soluble ntsev. Nws yog synthesized los ntawm methanol thiab ammonia nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kub thiab siab siab thiab catalyst, thiab tseem tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm cua sov formaldehyde thiab ammonium chloride rau 300 ℃ nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm zinc chloride. Methylamine tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj, roj hmab vulcanization accelerators, dyes, explosives, tawv, roj av, surfactants, ion pauv resins, xim strippers, coatings thiab additives. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov tshuaj tua kab Dimethoate, carbaryl thiab chlordimeform. Methylamine inhalation toxicity yog tsawg toxicity chav kawm, siab tshaj plaws tso cai concentration nyob rau hauv cov huab cua 5mg / m3 (0.4ppm). Corrosive, irritating rau lub qhov muag, daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nplaim taws, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm combustion los ntawm high kub, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub tog raj kheej thiab accessories yuav ua rau tawg. |
| First Aid rau tshuaj lom | methylamine yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg nruab nrab uas muaj zog ua kom khaus thiab corrosivity. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab thaum lub sij hawm kev thauj mus los, vim hais tias ntawm kev huam yuaj, yuav ua rau muaj kev sib cuag ntawm mob lom. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm txoj kev ua pa, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab ntsev tuaj yeem raug tshuaj lom los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Cov khoom no muaj ib tug muaj zog stimulating nyhuv ntawm lub qhov muag, sab sauv ib ntsuj av, daim tawv nqaij thiab mucosa. Kev nqus tau cov concentration siab tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws puas. Cov mob hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau pulmonary edema, ua pa nyuaj siab thiab tuag. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Cov kua methylamine tebchaw muaj zog khaus thiab corrosion, tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij kub hnyiab. 40% methylamine aqueous tov tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag kub hnyiab, photophobia, kua muag, Conjunctival Congestion, o ntawm daim tawv muag, pob muag edema thiab daim tawv nqaij rwj, cov tsos mob yuav kav ntev li 1 mus rau 2 lub lis piam. Lub sij hawm ntev raug rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm cov tshuaj methylamine, tuaj yeem hnov qhov muag qhuav, qhov ntswg, caj pas thiab tsis xis nyob. [kev pab thawj zaug] Thaum daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag, tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws tsis huv tam sim ntawd thiab yaug kom huv si nrog ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej ntws, 0.5% citric acid yaug daim tawv nqaij, mucous daim nyias nyias thiab gargles. Thaum lub qhov muag muaj kab mob, daim tawv muag yuav tsum tau nqa, yaug nrog dej los yog ntsev rau tsawg kawg 15 feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd tshuaj xyuas los ntawm fluorescein staining. Yog tias muaj pob txha raug mob, tus kws kho qhov muag yuav tsum tau sab laj. rau cov neeg uas tau nqus cov pa roj monomethylamine, lawv yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj tawm ntawm qhov chaw thiab txav mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj huab cua ntshiab kom ua pa tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Dyspnea ntawm cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau txais oxygen inhalation, tom qab kev kho mob, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau lub tsev kho mob rau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev. |
| lub hom phiaj | yog siv los ua cov organic raw khoom siv tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj, textile thiab lwm yam lag luam, kuj siv hauv dej gel tawg. siv ua kuab tshuaj thiab refrigerant siv los ua cov organic chemical raw cov ntaub ntawv, kuj siv tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj, textile thiab lwm yam lag luam siv los ua surfactant, polymerization inhibitors thiab cov kuab tshuaj, kuj siv hauv cov organic synthesis thiab luam ntawv thiab dyeing kev lag luam rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab zoo, tshuaj, tshuaj zawv plaub hau, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam, thiab rau electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm aliphatic amine organic chemical raw khoom, uas yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua ke N- methyl chloroacetamide, uas yog nruab nrab ntawm organophosphorus insecticide dimethoate thiab omethoate; monocrotophos intermediate α-chloroacetylmethanamine; Carbamoyl chloride thiab methyl isocyanate ua intermediates ntawm carbamate insecticides; Ntxiv nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj tua kab xws li monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj, roj hmab, dyes, tawv kev lag luam thiab cov ntaub ntawv photosensitive. methylamine muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam. Methylamine tuaj yeem siv los ua tshuaj (kev ua kom muaj zog, caffeine, ephedrine, thiab lwm yam), tshuaj tua kab (carbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, thiab lwm yam), dye (alizarin intermediate, anthraquinone intermediate, thiab lwm yam), tawg thiab roj (dej gel explosive, monomethhydrazine). , thiab lwm yam), surfactants, accelerators, thiab raw khoom xws li roj hmab pab, yees duab tshuaj thiab cov kuab tshuaj. Ib qho nruab nrab rau kev tsim cov tshuaj agrochemicals thiab kws tshuaj rau kev tsim N-methylpyrrolidone (hloov). |
| txoj kev tsim khoom | industrially, methylamine yog synthesized los ntawm methanol thiab ammonia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub converter uas yog qee zaus nruab nrog lub tshuab ua kom alumina catalyst, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv methylation tsis nres ntawm theem monomethylamine, yog li ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm monomethylamine, dimethylamine thiab trimethylamine. Tswj qhov sib piv ntawm methanol thiab ammonia, ammonia tshaj, thiab ntxiv dej thiab ncig ntawm trimethylamine yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov methylamine thiab dimethylamine, thaum tus nqi ntawm ammonia yog 2.5 npaug ntawm methanol, qhov kub thiab txias yog 425 ° C, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. siab yog 2.45MPa, sib xyaw amine ntawm 10-12% ntawm monomethylamine, 8-9% ntawm Dimethylamine thiab 11-13% ntawm trimethylamine tuaj yeem tau txais. Txij li thaum trimethylamine tsim ib azeotrope nrog ammonia thiab lwm yam methylamines ntawm atmospheric siab, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom yog sib cais los ntawm ib tug ua ke ntawm siab distillation thiab extractive distillation. Raws li kev tsim cov 1t sib xyaw methylamine, 1500kg ntawm methanol thiab 500kg kua ammonia tau noj. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, hloov qhov piv ntawm methanol thiab ammonia yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau txais cov khoom xav tau, methanol thiab ammonia piv ntawm 1: 1.5 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov trimethylamine, methanol thiab ammonia ratio ntawm 1: 4. cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov tshuaj methylamine. Muaj ntau txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm monomethylamine, Tab sis methanol amination feem ntau yog siv hauv kev lag luam. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 3N + 3H2O los ntawm methanol thiab ammonia ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 1.5 ~ 4, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab siab siab, catalytic amination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev siv tshuab txais alumina ua ib qho catalyst, Cov khoom sib xyaw crude ntawm mono-, di- thiab trimethylamine yog tsim, thiab tom qab ntawd sib cais los ntawm kev ua kom lub siab tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov kab distillation, condensed thiab deammoniated thiab lub cev qhuav dej kom tau txais cov khoom mono-, di- thiab trimethylamine feem. . |
Sau koj cov lus ntawm no thiab xa tuaj rau peb
